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Research papers on Remote work and productivity

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  1. Achieving Effective Remote Working During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective

    Bin Wang, Yukun Liu, Jing Qian, et al. · 2020 · Applied Psychology · 1,585 citations

    Existing knowledge on remote working can be questioned in an extraordinary pandemic context. We conducted a mixed-methods investigation to explore the challenges experienced by remote workers at this time, as well as what virtual work characteristics and individual differences affect these challenges. In Study 1, from semi-structured interviews with Chinese employees working from home in the early days of the pandemic, we identified four key remote work challenges (work-home interference, ineffective communication, procrastination, and loneliness), as well as four virtual work characteristics that affected the experience of these challenges (social support, job autonomy, monitoring, and work

  3. Systematically reviewing remote e-workers’ well-being at work: a multidimensional approach

    Maria Charalampous, Christine Grant, Carlo Tramontano, et al. · 2018 · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · 705 citations

    The practice of remote e-working, which involves work conducted at anyplace, anytime, using technology, is on the increase. The aim of this systematic literature review is to gain a deeper understanding of the association between remote e-working, within knowledge workers, and the five dimensions of well-being at work: affective, cognitive, social, professional, and psychosomatic. Sixty-three studies employing quantitative, qualitative and mixed-method designs have been included in the review. Findings indicate that we know more about remote e-workers’ affective state and their social and professional life than we know about their cognitive functioning and psychosomatic conditions. Whilst th

  4. Post-Pandemic Office Work: Perceived Challenges and Opportunities for a Sustainable Work Environment

    Maral Babapour Chafi, Annemarie Hultberg, Nina Bozic Yams · 2021 · Sustainability · 312 citations

    The widespread adoption of remote and hybrid work due to COVID-19 calls for studies that explore the ramifications of these scenarios for office workers from an occupational health and wellbeing perspective. This paper aims to identify the needs and challenges in remote and hybrid work and the potential for a sustainable future work environment. Data collection involved two qualitative studies with a total of 53 participants, who represented employees, staff managers, and service/facility providers at three Swedish public service organisations (primarily healthcare and infrastructure administration). The results describe opportunities and challenges with the adoption of remote and hybrid wor

  6. Post-COVID remote working and its impact on people, productivity, and the planet: an exploratory scoping review

    Ruth McPhail, Xi Wen Chan, Robyn May, et al. · 2023 · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · 161 citations

    Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, there has been a wealth of studies and reports published on the impacts of remote working (or work-from-home) due to pandemic lockdown measures. The primary aim of this article is to synthesise this work and conduct an exploratory scoping review of both scholarly and grey literature on the impacts of the pandemic on people, productivity, and the planet, with a focus on remote working (or work-from-home) and the post-pandemic workplace. Further, in light of the wide range of terms such as work-from-home, remote working, hybrid working, teleworking, telecommuting, and work-from-anywhere, a secondary but necessary aim of this scoping review is to clarify th

  7. The Future Is Hybrid: How Organisations Are Designing and Supporting Sustainable Hybrid Work Models in Post-Pandemic Australia

    John Hopkins, Anne Bardoel · 2023 · Sustainability · 158 citations

    Hybrid work models have rapidly become the most common work arrangement for many knowledge workers, affording them with improved work–life balance and greater levels of job satisfaction, but little research has been conducted to identify the different hybrid work models that are emerging, and the appropriate supports needed to drive sustainable improvement. This paper utilises primary data from a series of semi-structured interviews with senior Australian human resource (HR) managers, to identify a range of different approaches to hybrid work design, applying the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. Analyses of these findings have resulted in five key contributions: one being the identifi

  9. How Remote Work Changes the World of Work

    Paul M. Leonardi, Sienna Helena S. Parker, Roni Shen · 2023 · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · 98 citations

    Remote work is typically characterized as work that is done at some physical distance from the office. Existing research has shown that the main elements of this characterization—physical distance and the office—are far more complex than most people realize. This review develops a framework that refracts the concept of remote work into four types of distance—psychological, temporal, technological, and structural—and three objects from which one can be distant—material resources, social resources, and symbolic resources. We then use this refraction framework to answer five questions about the way remote work is changing the future of work: ( a) Who will work remotely? ( b) Where will people w

  10. Remote working: unprecedented increase and a developing research agenda

    J. Gifford · 2022 · Human Resource Development International · 97 citations

    ABSTRACT As we start to move beyond or acclimatise to COVID-19, a rise in remote working looks set to be the change in work practices most likely to stick long term. Specifically, a long-term growth in hybrid working seems inevitable. Pre-pandemic, work technology had already advanced considerably to enable remote working, but the lockdowns demonstrated that it is eminently feasible in many more jobs than previously thought and the demand from employees appears to have strengthened substantially. As a fundamental shift in how we work, there are implications for core HRD topics, including learning and development, organisational productivity, workload, effective communications and relationshi

  11. Remote, Disconnected, or Detached? Examining the Effects of Psychological Disconnectedness and Cynicism on Employee Performance, Wellbeing, and Work–Family Interface

    Лаура Петитта, Valerio Ghezzi · 2023 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 23 citations

    Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations worldwide have implemented remote working arrangements that have blurred the work-family boundaries and brought to the forefront employees' sense of disconnectedness from their workplace (i.e., organizational disconnectedness) as a concern for multiple organizational outcomes. Cynicism, a job burnout subdimension, refers to a negative and excessively detached response to relational overload at work. While both workplace disconnectedness and cynicism involve a toxic sense of detachment, they refer to different psychological mechanisms. The present study aims to examine how employee workplace disconnectedness differs from their cynicism, and how bo

  12. The impact of remote and hybrid work models on small and Medium-sized enterprises productivity: a systematic literature review

    Richik Maity, Khai Loon Lee · 2025 · SN Business & Economics · 13 citations

    This study undertakes a systematic literature review of the impact of remote and hybrid work models on the productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises in the post-COVID-19 environment. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedure, data were collected from Scopus and Web of Science, resulting in a final sample of 12 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2024 that were studied across diverse global contexts. The review finds that flexible work arrangements generally improve productivity by increasing employee satisfaction, reducing commuting time, and supporting work–life balance. Hybrid models emerged as the most effective, as they c

  13. Hybrid Work Model: An Approach for Employee Wellbeing and Job Satisfaction in It Sector

    T. Naresh Babu · 2024 · 13 citations

    The emergence of the hybrid work environment, characterized by a blend of remote and in-office work, has revolutionized the traditional concept of work. While this shift offers flexibility and convenience, it has also brought to light a range of effects on employees' well-being and job satisfaction. “Indian tech companies have already started adopting new work models, which vary from completely remote (work model) to a combination of remote and on-site, to a completely on-site model. The present research investigates the effect of the hybrid working model on employee wellbeing and job satisfaction among IT employees. The factors considered for hybrid work model are work environment, flexible

  14. Towards a sustainable workplace: investigating workplace cyberbullying and its relationship with employee wellbeing and intention to stay in remote and hybrid work settings

    Nimitha Aboobaker, V. Shanujas · 2024 · International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management · 12 citations

    PurposeThe advent of information and communication technologies in workplace settings has broadened the range of bullying behaviours that can manifest in the digital realm. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the impact of situational factors on employees' perceived cyberbullying within the workplace framework. Broadly, this study aims to investigate the effects of workplace cyberbullying on employees' wellbeing at work and their intention to stay with the organization, across two groups of employees: those who work in a fully remote mode and those employed in hybrid work arrangements.Design/methodology/approachThe current descriptive and time-lagged study was conducted among a

  15. The impact of remote and hybrid work and psychological wellbeing on organisational citizenship behaviour: The moderating effect of psychological capital

    D. Kokt, Mothepane Seqhobane · 2024 · Acta Commercii · 8 citations

    Orientation: In a highly competitive and complex world of work, the voluntary inputs or organisational citizenship behaviours from employees are increasingly important for sustained performance. This is especially pertinent because of the prevalence of remote and hybrid work and the need to enhance psychological wellbeing. Research purpose: This study examined the impact between perceived experiences related to remote and hybrid work and psychological wellbeing on organisational citizenship behaviour, while also exploring the moderating effect of psychological capital. Motivation for the study: As a result of the prevailing impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and other

  16. The Future of Work : Exploring the Impact of Remote and Hybrid Work Models on Employee Productivity and Well-Being

    Candra Candra, Joko Sabtohadi · 2025 · Brilliant International Journal Of Management And Tourism · 5 citations

    This study investigates the impact of remote and hybrid work models on employee productivity and well being, two critical dimensions of performance in the evolving landscape of digital work. Despite the increasing adoption of flexible work arrangements, research remains fragmented regarding their holistic effects. This study addresses that gap by examining how work life balance mediates and organizational support moderates the relationship between work models and employee outcomes. Employing an exploratory qualitative approach, data were collected through semi structured interviews with 15 participants from the education, technology, and finance sectors. Thematic analysis revealed five core

  17. Employee Well-Being in Hybrid Work Environments: Balancing Productivity, Preventing Digital Burnout, and Promoting Mental Health in the Era of Remote and Flexible Work

    Abdul Mateen, Rafique Ahmed Khoso, Dr. Waheed Ullah, et al. · 2025 · Inverge Journal of Social Sciences · 5 citations

    Study examined the impact of hybrid work conditions on employee productivity, digital burnout, mental health outcomes, and organizational well-being support among professionals across technology, education, and finance sectors. Drawing on responses from 320 participants, the results revealed that hybrid work significantly improved flexibility, focus, and goal achievement while reducing commuting-related fatigues. However, a considerable proportion of employees reported moderate to high levels of digital burnout, primarily linked to mental exhaustion, difficulty disconnecting, and reduced motivation for online meetings. Advanced analyses revealed sector and gender disparities in burnout, with

  18. Transforming Workforce Dynamics: The Role of Remote Work Flexibility, Technological Adoption, and Employee Wellbeing on Productivity of State Owned Enterprise Employee

    Asriandi Asriandi, Gabriel Amadeus Sitompul, Joko Sangaji · 2024 · International Journal of Business, Law, and Education · 3 citations

    This study examines the impact of remote work flexibility, technological adoption, and employee wellbeing on the productivity of employees in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In response to shifting workplace dynamics, SOEs have increasingly implemented flexible work arrangements and digital tools, prompting the need to evaluate how these factors influence employee performance. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 400 employees across various SOEs in Indonesia. The analysis, conducted using multiple linear regression, revealed that technological adoption significantly enhances employee productivity, followed by remote work flexibility and employee wellbeing. Findin

  20. SS60-04 FLEXIBLE WORKING - A GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE HEALTH AND WELLBEING OF THE WORKFORCE

    Shriniket Mishra · 2024 · Occupational Medicine · 2 citations

    The COVID-19 pandemic has radically reshaped our workplaces, with working from home and flexible work practices becoming more prevalent for office-based workers. Organizations worldwide are changing their policies and practices to include flexible work which allows employers and employees to negotiate working conditions that suit both, to support workers to maintain a healthy work-life integration, improving productivity and efficiency for businesses. Best practice approaches to flexible work arrangements should be or have: 1 - Customisable – e.g. work from home, other offices, on different work schedules and at different times of the day. 2 - Hybrid – conscious and considered d

  21. Employee Well-being, Remote Work, and Productivity in Hybrid Work Models

    Abubakar S. Sulaiman, Idibia Lawrence Onah · 2025 · Journal of Business Development and Management Research · 2 citations

    The global shift to remote work that began in 2020 marked an abrupt break from long-standing workplace norms, accelerating large-scale adoption of remote and hybrid models. This paper explores how these arrangements influenced employee productivity and engagement between 2021 and 2024, a period when many organizations aimed to stabilize operations after extended workplace disruptions. Using large-sample quantitative surveys complemented by detailed qualitative interviews across eight industries from manufacturing to creative sectors the study maps this transition. Findings indicate that most participants either sustained or improved their output when working from home, with particularly stro

  22. Assessing the causal relationship of remote work and employee productivity – a study of corporate Malaysia

    B. Lim, S. Ainin, N. Zakaria, et al. · 2025 · Cogent Social Sciences · 2 citations

    Abstract The rise of remote work (RW), accelerated by the global pandemic, has reshaped work dynamics, driven by technological advancements and a focus on work-life balance. The main aim of this article to study impact on RW on employees’ productivity. Empirical data was collected via a survey questionnaire on public sector employees. A total of 105 responses were analysed using PLS-SEM. Specifically, the study analyses the role of organisational support, technology availability (i.e. access to required devices and digital infrastructure for effective job execution) and employee wellbeing towards employee’s productivity. The study also analysed the role of socioeconomic (such as nationality,

  24. Challenges of Ensuring Labor Productivity in Hybrid and Remote Work Models

    Vitalii Nesteruk · 2025 · Economic Herald of the Donbas · 1 citations

    The article addresses key issues of work productivity under the implementation of hybrid and remote human resource management models, which are increasingly adopted amid business digitalization, global uncertainty, and changing employee expectations. It outlines the transformation of human resource management functions within flexible work formats and emphasizes the need to revise traditional approaches to performance evaluation, workload management, employee engagement, and burnout prevention. Special attention is given to psychosocial factors contributing to reduced productivity: fragmented work experience, loss of informal knowledge-sharing channels, declining trust, and weakened team ide

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