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Research papers on Small modular reactors

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  4. Overview of Small Modular and Advanced Nuclear Reactors and Their Role in the Energy Transition

    Jonas Kristiansen Nøland, Martin Hjelmeland, Christian Hartmann, et al. · 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion · 35 citations

    There is an unprecedented need to expand the toolbox of solutions to boost the scalability of clean power and energy systems. Amidst this challenge, nuclear energy is increasingly recognized as an important player in the path toward deep decarbonization of the global energy mix. This paper presents a technology review of small modular reactor (SMR) concepts currently under development and deployment. Both conventional and next-generation reactor technologies are evaluated with a focus on potential power system integration benefits, added system values, and provision of system-bearing services. Nevertheless, there are currently some uncertainties in the techno-economic competitiveness of SMRs

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  8. The Future of Nuclear Energy: Key Chemical Aspects of Systems for Developing Generation III+, Generation IV, and Small Modular Reactors

    K. Kiegiel, Dagmara Chmielewska-Śmietanko, I. Herdzik-Koniecko, et al. · 2025 · Energies · 21 citations

    Nuclear power plants have the lowest life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions intensity and produce more electricity with less land use compared to any other low-carbon-emission-based energy source. There is growing global interest in Generation IV reactors and, at the same time, there is great interest in using small modular reactors. However, the development of new reactors introduces new engineering and chemical challenges critical to advancing nuclear energy safety, efficiency, and sustainability. For Generation III+ reactors, water chemistry control is essential to mitigate corrosion processes and manage radiolysis in the reactor’s primary circuit. Generation IV reactors, such as molten salt

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  15. An energy justice critique of small modular reactors in emerging nuclear transitions

    Darren McCauley · 2025 · Energy Research & Social Science · 10 citations

    The rise of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) presents a complex reflection point of technological promise and societal responsibility. There is increasing need to move beyond purely technical assessments of a future expanded deployment of SMRs. By incorporating frameworks of energy justice, we can better recognise that historical injustices and systemic inequalities intensify by inadequately planned nuclear transitions to modularity. Community engagement, transparency, and a commitment to addressing potential negative impacts on vulnerable populations are paramount in this new emerging field. Furthermore, considerations of property rights, resource distribution, and the potential displacement o

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  17. Carbon reduction and nuclear energy policy U-turn: the necessity for an international treaty on small modular reactors (SMR) new nuclear technology

    Chinenye Nriezedi-Anejionu · 2024 · Carbon Management · 8 citations

    Abstract Pressure to reduce carbon emission and meet Net-zero targets is forcing countries to re-introduce nuclear energy in their energy-mix. As a result, many countries have re-classified nuclear energy as a green energy to encourage investments and developments in this sector. Further, advances in nuclear energy technology have led to the development of Small Modular Reactors (SMR), which has continued to stimulate increasing interests from both developed and developing countries. Hence, it is expected that in the coming years, there would be increased deployment of SMR across the globe. This renewed interest in nuclear energy and expected global deployment of the novel SMR, would encount

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  21. Advancing Nuclear Energy: Generation-IV and Small Modular Reactors in Nuclear Waste Management & Recycling Technology (A Short Review)

    Bahman Zohuri · 2023 · Journal of Waste Management & Recycling Technology · 6 citations

    Nuclear energy remains a promising solution for a sustainable energy future, yet the challenge of managing radioactive waste has hindered its full potential. This article explores how Generation-IV and Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are revolutionizing nuclear waste management and recycling.

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  22. Small Modular Reactors: The future of nuclear energy?

    Jennifer Richter · 2014 · 5 citations

    Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are being explored by the NRC and DOE as a means of producing nuclear energy on a smaller scale. Because of their modularity, they are presumed to be both less costly and more efficient to produce. This paper describes the historical context of SMRs, as well as potential issues relating to the social context of SMRs if they are deployed in society on different scales, from the local to the national and international. Understanding SMRs as sociotechnical systems allows for different conception of the role of SMRs as a technology that could potentially reorganize society, which needs to be accounted for prior to deployment. The concept of the sociotechnical imagin

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