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Research papers on Permafrost thaw and methane

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  3. Permafrost is warming at a global scale

    Boris K. Biskaborn, Sharon L. Smith, Jeannette Noetzli, et al. · 2019 · Nature Communications · 2,108 citations

    Permafrost warming has the potential to amplify global climate change, because when frozen sediments thaw it unlocks soil organic carbon. Yet to date, no globally consistent assessment of permafrost temperature change has been compiled. Here we use a global data set of permafrost temperature time series from the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost to evaluate temperature change across permafrost regions for the period since the International Polar Year (2007-2009). During the reference decade between 2007 and 2016, ground temperature near the depth of zero annual amplitude in the continuous permafrost zone increased by 0.39 ± 0.15 °C. Over the same period, discontinuous permafrost warm

  5. Permafrost carbon-climate feedbacks accelerate global warming

    Charles D. Koven, Bruno Ringeval, Pierre Friedlingstein, et al. · 2011 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 999 citations

    Permafrost soils contain enormous amounts of organic carbon, which could act as a positive feedback to global climate change due to enhanced respiration rates with warming. We have used a terrestrial ecosystem model that includes permafrost carbon dynamics, inhibition of respiration in frozen soil layers, vertical mixing of soil carbon from surface to permafrost layers, and CH(4) emissions from flooded areas, and which better matches new circumpolar inventories of soil carbon stocks, to explore the potential for carbon-climate feedbacks at high latitudes. Contrary to model results for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4), when permafrost processes

  9. Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic

    Edward A. G. Schuur, Benjamin W. Abbott, R. Commane, et al. · 2022 · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · 438 citations

    Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much permafrost carbon will be released, over what time frame, and what the relative emissions of carbon dioxide and methane will be is key for understanding the impact on global climate. In addition, the response of vegetation in a warming climate has the potential to offset at least some of the accelerating feedback to the climate from permafrost carbon. Temperature, organic carbon, and ground ice are key regulators for determining the impact of permafrost ecosystems on the global carbon cycle. Together, these encompass services of

  10. The impact of the permafrost carbon feedback on global climate

    Kevin Schaefer, Hugues Lantuit, V. E. Romanovsky, et al. · 2014 · Environmental Research Letters · 422 citations

    Degrading permafrost can alter ecosystems, damage infrastructure, and release enough carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) to influence global climate. The permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) is the amplification of surface warming due to CO 2 and CH 4 emissions from thawing permafrost. An analysis of available estimates PCF strength and timing indicate 120 ± 85 Gt of carbon emissions from thawing permafrost by 2100. This is equivalent to 5.7 ± 4.0% of total anthropogenic emissions for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario and would increase global temperatures by 0.29 ± 0.21 °C or 7.8 ± 5.7%. For RCP4.5, the scenario c

  12. Potential feedback of thawing permafrost to the global climate system through methane emission

    O. A. Anisimov · 2007 · Environmental Research Letters · 158 citations

    Large amounts of soil carbon deposited in permafrost may be released due to deeper seasonal thawing under the climatic conditions projected for the future. An increase in the volume of the available organic material together with the higher ground temperatures may lead to enhanced emission of greenhouse gasses. Particular concerns are associated with methane, which has a much stronger greenhouse effect than an equal amount of CO 2 . Production of methane is favored in the wetlands, which occupy up to 0.7 million km 2 in Russian permafrost regions and have accumulated about 50 Gt of carbon (Gt C). We used the permafrost model and several climatic scenarios to construct projections of the soil

  17. Influence of permafrost thaw on an extreme geologic methane seep

    Taylor D. Sullivan, Andrew D. Parsekian, Janelle Sharp, et al. · 2021 · Permafrost and Periglacial Processes · 13 citations

    AbstractThe occurrence and magnitude of natural fossil methane (CH4) emissions in the Arctic are poorly known. Emission of geologic CH4, a potent greenhouse gas, originating beneath permafrost is of particular interest due to the potential for positive feedback to climate warming, whereby accelerated permafrost thaw releases permafrost‐trapped CH4 in a future warmer climate. The development of through‐going taliks in Arctic lakes overlying hydrocarbon reservoirs is one mechanism of releasing geologically sourced, subpermafrost CH4. Here we use novel gas flux measurements, geophysical observations of the subsurface, shallow sediment coring, high‐resolution bathymetry measurements, and lake wa

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