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Research papers on Probiotics and gut health

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  1. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic

    Colin Hill, Francisco Guarner, Gregor Reid, et al. · 2014 · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · 9,210 citations

    Probiotics are widely regarded as live microorganisms that, when administered in sufficient amounts, confer a health benefit, but guidance is needed on the most appropriate use of the term. This Consensus Statement outlines recommendations for the scope and definition of the term 'probiotic' as determined by an expert panel convened by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics in October 2013. An expert panel was convened in October 2013 by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) to discuss the field of probiotics. It is now 13 years since the definition of probiotics and 12 years after guidelines were published for regulato

  5. Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

    Rasnik Singh, Hsin-Wen Chang, Di Yan, et al. · 2017 · Journal of Translational Medicine · 2,612 citations

    Recent studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating risk of several chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. At the same time, it is now understood that diet plays a significant role in shaping the microbiome, with experiments showing that dietary alterations can induce large, temporary microbial shifts within 24 h. Given this association, there may be significant therapeutic utility in altering microbial composition through diet. This review systematically evaluates current data regarding the effects of several common dietary components on intestinal microbiota. We sho

  7. Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights

    Willem M. de Vos, Herbert Tilg, Matthias Van Hul, et al. · 2022 · Gut · 2,337 citations

    The gut microbiota is now considered as one of the key elements contributing to the regulation of host health. Virtually all our body sites are colonised by microbes suggesting different types of crosstalk with our organs. Because of the development of molecular tools and techniques (ie, metagenomic, metabolomic, lipidomic, metatranscriptomic), the complex interactions occurring between the host and the different microorganisms are progressively being deciphered. Nowadays, gut microbiota deviations are linked with many diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, intestinal bowel diseases (IBDs) and several types of cancer. Thus, suggesting that various pathways involved i

  8. Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer’s disease

    N. Vogt, Robert L. Kerby, Kimberly A. Dill‐McFarland, et al. · 2017 · Scientific Reports · 2,132 citations

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. However, the etiopathogenesis of this devastating disease is not fully understood. Recent studies in rodents suggest that alterations in the gut microbiome may contribute to amyloid deposition, yet the microbial communities associated with AD have not been characterized in humans. Towards this end, we characterized the bacterial taxonomic composition of fecal samples from participants with and without a diagnosis of dementia due to AD. Our analyses revealed that the gut microbiome of AD participants has decreased microbial diversity and is compositionally distinct from control age- and sex-matched individuals. We identified phylum

  10. The Effect of Probiotics on the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids by Human Intestinal Microbiome

    Paulina Markowiak‐Kopeć, Katarzyna Śliżewska · 2020 · Nutrients · 1,182 citations

    The relationship between diet and the diversity and function of the intestinal microbiome and its importance for human health is currently the subject of many studies. The type and proportion of microorganisms found in the intestines can determine the energy balance of the host. Intestinal microorganisms perform many important functions, one of which is participation in metabolic processes, e.g., in the production of short-chain fatty acids-SCFAs (also called volatile fatty acids). These acids represent the main carbon flow from the diet to the host microbiome. Maintaining intestinal balance is necessary to maintain the host's normal health and prevent many diseases. The results of many stud

  11. Gut Microbiome: Profound Implications for Diet and Disease

    Ronald D. Hills, Benjamin Pontefract, Hillary R. Mishcon, et al. · 2019 · Nutrients · 1,121 citations

    The gut microbiome plays an important role in human health and influences the development of chronic diseases ranging from metabolic disease to gastrointestinal disorders and colorectal cancer. Of increasing prevalence in Western societies, these conditions carry a high burden of care. Dietary patterns and environmental factors have a profound effect on shaping gut microbiota in real time. Diverse populations of intestinal bacteria mediate their beneficial effects through the fermentation of dietary fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids, endogenous signals with important roles in lipid homeostasis and reducing inflammation. Recent progress shows that an individual’s starting microbial pro

  12. Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

    Sonakshi Rastogi, Aditi Singh · 2022 · Frontiers in Pharmacology · 311 citations

    The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla Firmicutes are the most important probiotic bacteria of the gut microbiome. These gut-residing Lactobacillus species not only communicate with each other but also with the gut epithelial lining to balance the gut barrier integrity, mucosal barrier defence and ameliorate the host immune responses. The human body suffers from several inflammatory diseases affecting the gut, lungs, heart, bone or neural tissues. Mounting evidence supports the significant role of Lactobacillus spp. and their components (such as metabolites, pepti

  14. Physical Exercise and the Gut Microbiome: A Bidirectional Relationship Influencing Health and Performance

    Sanish Varghese, Shrinidhi Rao, Aadam M Khattak, et al. · 2024 · Nutrients · 107 citations

    Background/Objectives: The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that can influence our health and exercise habits. On the other hand, physical exercise can also impact our microbiome, affecting our health. Our narrative review examines the bidirectional relationship between physical activity and the gut microbiome, as well as the potential for targeted probiotic regimens to enhance sports performance. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review to select articles published up till January 2024 on the topics of physical exercise, sports, probiotics, and gut microbiota from major scientific databases, incorporating over 100 studies. Results: We found that t

  15. Probiotics in Poultry: Unlocking Productivity Through Microbiome Modulation and Gut Health

    M. Naeem, D. Bourassa · 2025 · Microorganisms · 100 citations

    This review explores the role of probiotics in improving productivity and gut health in poultry through microbiome modulation, particularly during early life. Gut health is pivotal to poultry performance, influencing nutrient absorption, immune function, and disease resistance. Early-life interventions target the microbiome to shape long-term health and productivity. Probiotics, live microorganisms providing health benefits, improve gut health through the competitive exclusion of pathogens, immune modulation, antimicrobial compound production, and enhancing gut barrier integrity. Applying probiotics improves growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, body weight gain, and carcass qualit

  16. Microbiome-Driven Therapeutics: From Gut Health to Precision Medicine

    M. Yaqub, Aashika Jain, Chinedu Eucharia Joseph, et al. · 2025 · Gastrointestinal Disorders · 64 citations

    The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in and on the body, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of a wide range of physiological processes, including digestion, immune responses, and metabolic functions. In recent years, the rapidly growing field of microbiome-driven therapeutics has garnered significant attention owing to its potential to revolutionize healthcare. This review explores the evolving landscape of microbiome-based therapies, with a particular focus on the gut microbiome and its implications for both gut health and precision medicine. We highlight recent advances in understanding how microbial communities influence disease pathogenesis and treatme

  18. Understanding How Pre- and Probiotics Affect the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Health.

    P. Bock, Andreza Francisco Martins, B. D’Agord Schaan · 2024 · American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 52 citations

    The gut microbiome, a complex assembly of microorganisms, significantly impacts human health by influencing nutrient absorption, the immune system, and disease response. These microorganisms form a dynamic ecosystem that is critical to maintaining overall well-being. Prebiotics and probiotics are pivotal in regulating gut microbiotacomposition. Prebiotics nourish beneficial bacteria, and promote their growth, while probiotics help maintain balance within the microbiome. This intricate balance extends to several aspects of health, including maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier, regulating immune responses, and producing metabolites crucial for metabolic health. Dysbiosis, or an imbala

  19. Rosacea, microbiome and probiotics: the gut-skin axis

    Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer, Cristina Eguren-Michelena, J. García-Gavín, et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Microbiology · 48 citations

    Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease involving diverse symptoms with a variable clinical progress which can severely impact the patient’s quality of life as well as their mental health. The pathophysiological model of rosacea involves an unbalanced immune system predisposed to excessive inflammation, in addition to vascular and nervous alterations, being certain cutaneous microorganisms’ triggers of the symptoms onset. The gut-skin axis explains a bidirectional interaction between skin and gut microbiota in some inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or rosacea. The introduction and consolidation of the next-generation sequencing in recent years has provided unpr

  20. Human Gut Microbiome: A Connecting Organ Between Nutrition, Metabolism, and Health

    Sandra Valencia, Martha Zuluaga, M. C. Florian Pérez, et al. · 2025 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 42 citations

    The gut microbiome plays a vital role in human health, functioning as a metabolic organ that influences nutrient absorption and overall well-being. With growing evidence that dietary interventions can modulate the microbiome and improve health, this review examines whether healthcare systems should prioritize personalized microbiome-targeted therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and microbiota transplants, over traditional pharmaceutical treatments for chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular risk, and inflammatory conditions. A systematic review using Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, followed by a scientometric analysis. Key metabolic pathways, such as

  21. Impact of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gut Microbiome and Hormonal Regulation

    J. Basnet, Manar A Eissa, L. Cardozo, et al. · 2024 · Gastrointestinal disorders (Basel, Switzerland) · 37 citations

    The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health by influencing various physiological functions through complex interactions with the endocrine system. These interactions involve the production of metabolites, signaling molecules, and direct communication with endocrine cells, which modulate hormone secretion and activity. As a result, the microbiome can exert neuroendocrine effects and contribute to metabolic regulation, adiposity, and appetite control. Additionally, the gut microbiome influences reproductive health by altering levels of sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, potentially contributing to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypogonadism. Given

  22. Targeted Gut Microbiome Therapy: Applications and Prospects of Probiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Natural Products in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes.

    Luqi Qin, Bei Fan, Yixia Zhou, et al. · 2025 · Pharmacological research · 30 citations

    Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide. Studies have shown significant differences in the gut microbiota between healthy individuals and T2DM patients, suggesting that gut microorganisms may play a key role in the onset and progression of T2DM. This review systematically summarizes the relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM, and explores the mechanisms through which gut microorganisms may alleviate T2DM. Additionally, it evaluates the potential of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)/virome transplantation (FVT), and natural products in modulating gut microbiota to treat T2DM. Although existing studies

  23. Synergistic role of prebiotics and probiotics in gut microbiome health: Mechanisms and clinical applications

    T. Kumari, Kshirod Kumar Bag, Amit Baran Das, et al. · 2024 · Food Bioengineering · 29 citations

    Prebiotic and probiotic usage has exploded, with most formulations promoting gastrointestinal and immunological benefits. Prebiotics modulate the gut microbiota, as a result, short‐chain fatty acids are released into the bloodstream. Prebiotics have immunomodulatory properties that reduce inflammation while enhancing immune responses and boosting gut health. The potential of probiotics has shown steady expansion in the digestive system, metabolic balance, and vaginal health. Probiotics offer therapeutic and preventative strategies for a range of human diseases. The in vitro studies suggested the delivery matrix might influence their effects through physicochemical interactions with molecular

  24. Perturbations associated with hungry gut microbiome and postbiotic perspectives to strengthen the microbiome health

    S. Kaur, Steffy Kaur Thukral, P. Kaur, et al. · 2021 · 28 citations

    Abstract The imbalance in intestinal microbiota has serious consequences in human disease development such as inflammatory bowel, cardiovascular disorders, type II diabetes, obesity, cancer, respiratory disorders, and behavioral Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Therefore, the exploration of therapeutic interventions for maintaining the healthy gut microbiome is essential. Although, prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been frequently used for modulating gut microbiome composition to healthier side. However, the presence of immunosuppressing organisms in probiotics imposes a risk (mainly associated with their intake). This provides the baseline for exploring another substitute gro

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