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Research papers on Vaccine hesitancy

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  1. Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants

    Noni E. MacDonald · 2015 · Vaccine · 5,751 citations

    The SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy concluded that vaccine hesitancy refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. Vaccine hesitancy is complex and context specific, varying across time, place and vaccines. It is influenced by factors such as complacency, convenience and confidence. The Working Group retained the term 'vaccine' rather than 'vaccination' hesitancy, although the latter more correctly implies the broader range of immunization concerns, as vaccine hesitancy is the more commonly used term. While high levels of hesitancy lead to low vaccine demand, low levels of hesitancy do not necessarily mean high vaccine demand. T

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  2. 3.Y.1. PechaKucha: Vaccine hesitancy in European parents and adolescents: epidemiology, determinants, interventions

    Angelo Maria Pezzullo EUPHA-EPI · 2025 · The European Journal of Public Health · 2,244 citations

    Abstract   Vaccine hesitancy, defined as the delay in acceptance or outright refusal of vaccines despite their availability, represents a significant public health challenge by undermining immunization efforts and increasing the risk of outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate the widespread presence of vaccine hesitancy, particularly among parents and adolescents. For instance, recent data (2022-23) from Europe indicate that 20.8% of adolescents and 20.4% of parents exhibit hesitancy toward vaccination, with key determinants including concerns over vaccine safety, fear of adverse events, and diminished trust in health authorities (Millat-Ma

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  3. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates

    Malik Sallam · 2021 · Vaccines · 2,175 citations

    Utility of vaccine campaigns to control coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is not merely dependent on vaccine efficacy and safety. Vaccine acceptance among the general public and healthcare workers appears to have a decisive role in the successful control of the pandemic. The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on 25 December 2020. Results from 31 peer-reviewed published studies met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis for the final COVID-19 vaccine acceptance estimates. Survey studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance r

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  4. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the US

    Amyn A. Malik, SarahAnn M. McFadden, Jad A. Elharake, et al. · 2020 · EClinicalMedicine · 1,561 citations

    BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect the U.S., which leads globally in total cases and deaths. As COVID-19 vaccines are under development, public health officials and policymakers need to create strategic vaccine-acceptance messaging to effectively control the pandemic and prevent thousands of additional deaths. METHODS: Using an online platform, we surveyed the U.S. adult population in May 2020 to understand risk perceptions about the COVID-19 pandemic, acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine, and trust in sources of information. These factors were compared across basic demographics. FINDINGS: Of the 672 participants surveyed, 450 (67%) said they would accept a COVID-19

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  5. Barriers of Influenza Vaccination Intention and Behavior – A Systematic Review of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy, 2005 – 2016

    Philipp Schmid, Dorothee Rauber, Cornelia Betsch, et al. · 2017 · PLoS ONE · 1,281 citations

    BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to global efforts to reduce the burden of seasonal and pandemic influenza. Potential barriers of influenza vaccination need to be identified to inform interventions to raise awareness, influenza vaccine acceptance and uptake. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to (1) identify relevant studies and extract individual barriers of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccination for risk groups and the general public; and (2) map knowledge gaps in understanding influenza vaccine hesitancy to derive directions for further research and inform interventions in this area. METHODS: Thirteen databases covering the areas of Medicine, Bioscience, Psych

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  6. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries

    Julio S. Solís Arce, Shana S. Warren, Niccolò F. Meriggi, et al. · 2021 · Nature Medicine · 1,153 citations

    Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccination attitudes in lower-income countries, where large-scale vaccination is just beginning. We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in our LMIC samples (mean 80.3%; median 78%; range 30.1 percentage points) compared with the United States

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  7. Strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy – A systematic review

    Caitlin Jarrett, Rose Wilson, Maureen O’Leary, et al. · 2015 · Vaccine · 1,106 citations

    UNLABELLED: The purpose of this systematic review is to identify, describe and assess the potential effectiveness of strategies to respond to issues of vaccine hesitancy that have been implemented and evaluated across diverse global contexts. METHODS: A systematic review of peer reviewed (January 2007-October 2013) and grey literature (up to October 2013) was conducted using a broad search strategy, built to capture multiple dimensions of public trust, confidence and hesitancy concerning vaccines. This search strategy was applied and adapted across several databases and organizational websites. Descriptive analyses were undertaken for 166 (peer reviewed) and 15 (grey literature) evaluation s

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  8. Social media and vaccine hesitancy

    Steven Lloyd Wilson, Charles Shey Wiysonge · 2020 · BMJ Global Health · 998 citations

    BACKGROUND: Understanding the threat posed by anti-vaccination efforts on social media is critically important with the forth coming need for world wide COVID-19 vaccination programs. We globally evaluate the effect of social media and online foreign disinformation campaigns on vaccination rates and attitudes towards vaccine safety. METHODS: Weuse a large-n cross-country regression framework to evaluate the effect ofsocial media on vaccine hesitancy globally. To do so, we operationalize social media usage in two dimensions: the use of it by the public to organize action(using Digital Society Project indicators), and the level of negative lyoriented discourse about vaccines on social media (u

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  9. Vaccine hesitancy and healthcare providers

    Pauline Paterson, François Meurice, Lawrence R. Stanberry, et al. · 2016 · Vaccine · 925 citations

    While most people vaccinate according to the recommended schedule, this success is challenged by individuals and groups who delay or refuse vaccines. The aim of this article is to review studies on vaccine hesitancy among healthcare providers (HCPs), and the influences of their own vaccine confidence and vaccination behaviour on their vaccination recommendations to others. The search strategy was developed in Medline and then adapted across several multidisciplinary mainstream databases including Embase Classic & Embase, and PschInfo. All foreign language articles were included if the abstract was available in English. A total of 185 articles were included in the literature review. 66% studi

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  10. Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy

    Patrícia Soares, João Victor Rocha, Marta Moniz, et al. · 2021 · Vaccines · 749 citations

    It is critical to develop tailored strategies to increase acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and decrease hesitancy. Hence, this study aims to assess and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal. We used data from a community-based survey, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which includes data regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccines, health status, and risk perception in Portugal from September 2020 to January 2021. We used multinomial regression to identify factors associated with intention to delay or refuse to take COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal was high: 56% would wait and 9% refuse. Several factors were associated wit

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  11. COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy: A longitudinal study

    Ariel Fridman, Rachel Gershon, Ayelet Gneezy · 2021 · PLoS ONE · 718 citations

    How do attitudes toward vaccination change over the course of a public health crisis? We report results from a longitudinal survey of United States residents during six months (March 16 -August 16, 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Contrary to past research suggesting that the increased salience of a disease threat should improve attitudes toward vaccines, we observed a decrease in intentions of getting a COVID-19 vaccine when one becomes available. We further found a decline in general vaccine attitudes and intentions of getting the influenza vaccine. Analyses of heterogeneity indicated that this decline is driven by participants who identify as Republicans, who showed a negative trend in vac

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  14. Determinants of vaccine hesitancy and effectiveness of vaccination counseling interventions among a sample of the general population in Palermo, Italy

    C. Costantino, F. Caracci, M. Brandi, et al. · 2020 · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · 38 citations

    ABSTRACT Counteract vaccine hesitancy is a public health priority. Main objectives of the cross-sectional study conducted were to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccination issues, to estimate the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination counseling on community advocacy in a sample of general population. An anonymous validated questionnaire was administered in April 2017 at the main shopping center of Palermo and was followed by tailored vaccination counseling interventions. To estimate the effectiveness of the interventions four main connection parameters to the vaccinarsi.org website were evaluated, in the two months before an

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  16. Interventions employed to address vaccine hesitancy among Black populations outside of African and Caribbean countries: a scoping review

    Precious Majekodunmi, Mia Tulli-Shah, Janet Kemei, et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health · 10 citations

    Black people are disproportionately affected by structural and social determinants of health, resulting in greater risks of exposure to and deaths from COVID-19. Structural and social determinants of health feed vaccine hesitancy and worsen health disparities. This scoping review explored interventions that have been employed to address vaccine hesitancy among Black population outside of African and Caribbean countries. This review provides several strategies for addressing this deep-rooted public health problem. The scoping review followed the five-step framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. It complies with reporting guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews

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  18. COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in the Gaza Strip from a Cross-Sectional Survey in 2023: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Associations with Health System Interventions

    Jennifer Majer, J. H. Elhissi, N. Mousa, et al. · 2024 · Vaccines · 4 citations

    Background: Preventing COVID-19 in Gaza is crucial due to the devastation of advanced health services infrastructure by war. Despite the high protection offered by COVID-19 vaccines against severe disease, a 2021 survey in Gaza found only half of the population was vaccinated, and one-third was vaccine-hesitant. This follow-up study conducted in March 2023 aimed to re-evaluate vaccination levels, hesitancy, exposure to vaccine promotion efforts, and other risk factors in Gaza. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey with multistage stratified sampling was used. Associations of primary exposures and other determinants with vaccine status and hesitancy were quantified using bivariate

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  19. Drivers of HPV vaccine hesitancy in New York and Florida.

    K. Brumbaugh, A. de Figueiredo, Frances Gellert, et al. · 2025 · Vaccine · 4 citations

    BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify drivers of HPV vaccine hesitancy and effective public health interventions to increase HPV vaccination rates in two U.S. states (New York and Florida) and 12 counties within each state. The findings provide insights into the impact of demographics, state policies, and vaccine confidence on HPV vaccination. METHODS We utilized a mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative analysis of county-level surveys, qualitative interviews, and secondary data on HPV vaccine coverage. Surveys, adapted from the Vaccine Confidence Project (VCP) and the World Health Organization (WHO), assessed HPV vaccine confidence, socio-demographics, and behavioral determinan

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  20. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among adolescents and youths aged 10-35 years in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

    A. M. Mwiinde, Patrick Kaonga, Choolwe Jacobs, et al. · 2024 · PLOS ONE · 3 citations

    The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed health systems, especially in sub-Saharan African countries. Vaccination is one of the easily accessible interventions that can help reduce the burden on the health system. However, vaccination coverage remains low in sub-Saharan African countries. The determinants of vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among adolescents and youths remain unknown. Therefore, this study explored the pooled prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among adolescents and youths in sub-Saharan African Countries. A systematic literature search of Scopus, PubMed Central, PubMed, Embase, African Journal Online, Research 4 Life, Embase, and Google Sch

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  24. Exploring determinants of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals: a systematic literature review.

    V. Gabellone, F. Nuccetelli, E. Gabrielli, et al. · 2025 · Expert review of vaccines · 1 citations

    INTRODUCTION This systematic review aims to assess determinants of vaccine hesitancy (VH) among healthcare professionals, to identify knowledge gaps and inform targeted training programs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted in February 2024. PRISMA criteria were applied, and methodological quality was assessed using a cross-sectional study evaluation tool. Studies addressing HCWs' VH determinants, including knowledge, attitudes, communication, and organizational factors, were included. RESULTS Out of 1394 records, 221 articles were included. Reported prevalence of VH among HCWs varied across studies, reflecting differences in professional ro

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