Fields
Formatting for submission
Citation styles vary by journal — always check the author guidelines. A common choice in this field is APA 7.
Verified journal-specific formatting guidance is available.
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Validated scales in this field
Selected from this journal's OpenAlex fields; unmatched topics are left out.
Academic Motivation Scale — College Version
A 28-item multidimensional measure of academic motivation grounded in Self-Determination Theory. Assesses seven motivational orientations: three forms of intrinsic motivation, three forms of extrinsic regulation, and amotivation. Stem: "Why do you go to college?"
Adult Dispositional Hope Scale
A 12-item measure of dispositional hope (8 scored items plus 4 fillers) comprising agency — goal-directed determination — and pathways, the perceived ability to plan routes to goals.
Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale
A 6-item scale applying the components model of addiction (salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, relapse) to social-media use over the past year.
Big Five Inventory
A 44-item self-report inventory measuring the Big Five personality dimensions (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness) using short phrase items. A de-facto standard in personality research — balances brevity with subscale-level reliability.
Data from OpenAlex. Metrics shown are open (citation counts, h-index, 2-year mean citedness) — not the licensed Journal Impact Factor.